Linux Foundations - Expanding a Volume

Learners diagnose a nearly full /data filesystem and expand it end to end using LVM. They inspect the storage layout with df, lsblk, and the LVM tools (pvs, vgs, lvs), then work from the bottom up: initializing a new disk with pvcreate, adding it to the volume group with vgextend, growing the logical volume with lvextend, and resizing the live ext4 filesystem with resize2fs to make the reclaimed space usable.

• Inspect a Linux storage layout using df, lsblk, and the LVM tools (pvs, vgs, lvs, lvdisplay) to identify a filesystem running out of space and understand how the physical volume, volume group, and logical volume layers fit together.
• Add new storage to an existing volume group by initializing a raw disk with pvcreate and attaching it with vgextend, after safely confirming the target device.
• Grow the logical volume with lvextend and resize the live ext4 filesystem with resize2fs, then verify the reclaimed capacity at the /data mount point.

1 x Ubuntu 22.04 VM